Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 5, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
Hodgkin's disease in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus infection
Leonardo Calza1, Roberto Manfredi, Vincenzo Colangeli
1Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, 'Alma Mater Studiorum' University of Bologna, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy. malinf@med.unibo.it
Abstract:
The incidence of Hodgkin's disease appears to progressively increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, with the relative risk of developing this malignancy rising from the early phase to the advanced stage of HIV disease. Clinical and pathological features of Hodgkin's lymphoma in HIV-positive subjects differ from those of the general population, showing a higher frequency of unfavourable histological subtypes, advanced stage with frequent extranodal involvement at initial diagnosis, and a poor therapeutic outcome. The optimal therapeutic strategy is still controversial, and median overall survival is short, ranging from 12 to 18 months. In this report cases of Hodgkin's disease are described among over 1,000 HIV-infected patients referring to a tertiary care centre during a 6 y study period.
Related Concept Videos
Retrovirus Life Cycles
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cryptococcal Meningitis

