[Tissue toxicity of antiseptics]

Area of Science:

• Dermatology and Wound Care
• Biocompatibility Testing
• Antiseptic Efficacy

Background:

• Local antiseptics are crucial for skin disinfection and wound lavage.
• Assessing the tissue toxicity of antiseptics is vital for patient safety.
• The hens egg test (HET-CAM) is a recognized method for evaluating tissue compatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the tissue toxicity of various local antiseptics.
• To determine the irritation score (IS) and irritation threshold (IT) for each antiseptic.
• To identify antiseptics with optimal tissue compatibility for clinical use.

Main Methods:

• The hens eggs chorion-allantoic membrane test (HET-CAM) was employed.
• Tissue compatibility was assessed for Dibromol, Kodan, Jodobac, Octenisept, Lavasept 0.2%, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidindigluconate 0.5%, and 2-propanol 60%.

Main Results:

• Chlorhexidindigluconate 0.5% (IS 20) and Kodan (IS 18) exhibited the highest tissue toxicity.
• Dibromol (IS 14), Octenisept (IS 14), and 2-propanol 60% (IS 13) showed irritating values.
• Lavasept 0.2% (IS 0) and hydrogen peroxide (IS 0) demonstrated no tissue toxicity in the HET-CAM test.

Conclusions:

• Some tested antiseptics can cause significant vascular injuries, indicating substantial tissue toxicity.
• Lavasept 0.2% and hydrogen peroxide possess superior tissue compatibility compared to other evaluated antiseptics.
• Based on findings and literature, Lavasept 0.2% is recommended as a preferred local antiseptic.