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Two decades of measuring GnRH secretion.

I J Clarke¹

¹Prince Henry's Institute of Medical Research, PO Box 5152, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. iain.clarke@med.monash.edu.au

Reproduction (Cambridge, England). Supplement

|April 18, 2003

Summary

Researchers have studied gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion patterns in conscious animals for 20 years. Accumulated data now position us to decipher the neural systems regulating GnRH secretion.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Endocrinology
Neuroendocrinology
Animal Physiology

Background:

Serial hypophysial portal blood sampling in conscious animals (sheep, cattle, goats, pigs) has been established for nearly 20 years.
Extensive data define gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion patterns and gonadal steroid effects under normal physiological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review accumulated knowledge on GnRH secretion patterns and steroid feedback regulation in animals.
To establish a foundation for deciphering the neural systems involved in GnRH secretion regulation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on GnRH secretion patterns in various animal models.
Analysis of data on the influence of gonadal steroids on GnRH secretion.
Examination of GnRH secretion across the oestrous cycle and in males.

Main Results:

GnRH secretion patterns vary across the oestrous cycle, with increased pulse frequency and decreased amplitude during the luteal-to-follicular phase transition.
GnRH secretion surges stimulate preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in several species.
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion is not solely dependent on GnRH pulsatility but is influenced by factors like inhibin.

Conclusions:

A comprehensive understanding of GnRH secretion and steroid feedback in sheep has been achieved.
The current knowledge base provides a strong position to investigate the neural control of GnRH secretion.

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