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Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein: a multifunctional protein.

Mohammed Mahmood Hussain1, Jahangir Iqbal, Kamran Anwar

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Box 5, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. mahmood.hussain@downstate.edu

Frontiers in Bioscience : a Journal and Virtual Library
|April 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is crucial for lipoprotein assembly, mediating lipid transfer and apoB binding. Its structural motifs suggest distinct roles in these functions and potential involvement beyond lipid metabolism.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Lipid Metabolism

Background:

  • Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is essential for lipoprotein assembly.
  • MTP facilitates neutral lipid transfer between membranes and interacts with apoB.
  • Its absence in abetalipoproteinemia patients highlights its critical role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the distinct functions of MTP in lipid transfer, apoB binding, and membrane association.
  • To propose a structural basis for MTP's diverse activities.
  • To explore MTP's potential roles beyond lipoprotein assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of MTP's lipid transfer activity in vitro.
  • Investigation of MTP's physical interaction with apoB.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Sequence homology analysis with lipovitellin to predict structural motifs.

    • Main Results:

    • MTP exhibits three key functions: lipid transfer, apoB binding, and membrane association.
    • Specific structural motifs within the M subunit are proposed to mediate these functions.
    • The A- and C-beta-sheets are implicated in lipid transfer, N-sheet and alpha-helix in apoB binding, and N- and A-sheets in membrane association.

    Conclusions:

    • MTP possesses multiple functions mediated by distinct structural elements.
    • These functions are critical for the initial steps of lipoprotein synthesis and core expansion.
    • MTP may have additional physiological roles yet to be discovered.