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Related Experiment Videos

[Nuclear transfer and reprogramming mechanism].

Yukio Tsunoda1, Yoko Kato

  • 1Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Agriculture, Kinki University.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Mammalian somatic and embryonic stem cells can create clones, but many offspring die or show abnormalities. This review explores animal cloning status and nuclear reprogramming mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics

Context:

  • Mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and embryonic stem cell (ESC) transfer to enucleated oocytes at M phase can produce viable offspring.
  • However, cloned animals frequently exhibit high rates of stillbirth, postnatal mortality, and morphological abnormalities.
  • The underlying causes for these developmental failures remain incompletely understood.

Purpose:

  • To review the current state of animal cloning technologies.
  • To discuss the mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming in the context of somatic cell nuclear transfer.
  • To identify potential factors contributing to developmental abnormalities in cloned mammals.

Summary:

  • Successful generation of cloned mammals is achievable using M-phase oocytes with either somatic or embryonic stem cells.

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  • Significant challenges persist, including low efficiency, high mortality rates, and developmental abnormalities in cloned offspring.
  • Genetic or epigenetic alterations in donor cells and incomplete nuclear reprogramming are implicated as primary causes.

    • Impact:

    • Understanding nuclear reprogramming is crucial for improving the efficiency and safety of cloning technologies.
    • This review provides insights into the limitations of current animal cloning methods.
    • Further research into epigenetic modifications and nuclear transfer techniques is needed to overcome developmental barriers in cloned animals.