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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...

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Steroidogenic enzyme expression in the rat cochlea.

Eric Lecain1, Ting-Hua Yang, Patrice Tran Ba Huy

  • 1LNRS, UMR 7060, Faculté Lariboisière, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|April 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

The rat cochlea expresses enzymes for local steroid hormone production, suggesting a paracrine role in regulating inner ear fluid balance and hearing. This contrasts with previous findings suggesting systemic steroids have minimal impact.

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Area of Science:

  • Oto-neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Steroid hormones, particularly mineralocorticoids, are implicated in endolymph homeostasis due to widespread cochlear steroid receptors.
  • However, adrenalectomy studies show minimal impact on cochlear fluid and hearing, questioning the role of systemic steroids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that local steroid production within the inner ear regulates cochlear fluid exchange.
  • To identify the expression of steroidogenic enzymes in rat cochlear tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect mRNA transcripts.
  • In situ hybridization to localize transcript expression within cochlear sections.
  • Immunohistochemistry to confirm protein localization.

Main Results:

  • RT-PCR detected transcripts for P450 side-chain cleavage, 3beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta HSD), and P450 C17 in cochlear tissues.
  • Aldosterone synthase mRNA was found in the modiolus and lateral wall; P450 11beta1 hydroxylase was not detected.
  • In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirmed 3beta HSD expression in the spiral ligament, modiolus, and potentially hair cells.

Conclusions:

  • The rat cochlea expresses enzymes for synthesizing mineralocorticoids and sex steroids, but not glucocorticoids.
  • Local steroid production may act in a paracrine manner, influencing cochlear function via genomic or non-genomic mechanisms.
  • Further experiments are underway to demonstrate enzymatic activity in cochlear tissues.