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Membrane-associated protein kinase activities in developing apple fruit.

Chang-Qing Duan1, Yuan-Yue Shen, Xiao-E Liang

  • 1China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, 00094 Beijing, People's Republic of China 1These authors contributed equally to this work.

Physiologia Plantarum
|April 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Protein kinases, including calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase-like (MAPK-like) activity, are crucial for apple fruit development. Their activities vary with fruit maturity, suggesting a key regulatory role.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Fruit development involves complex signaling pathways and gene expression.
  • Protein phosphorylation by protein kinases is vital for eukaryotic cell signaling.
  • The role of specific protein kinases in fruit development requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize protein kinase activities in developing apple fruits.
  • To investigate the localization and developmental stage-specificity of these activities.
  • To explore the potential involvement of CDPK and MAPK-like enzymes in fruit development regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Exogenous substrate phosphorylation assays were used to detect protein kinase activity.
  • Subcellular localization was determined through membrane fractionation.

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  • Enzyme activity was assessed under varying conditions (e.g., cation presence, heat treatment) and across different fruit developmental stages.

    • Main Results:

    • Both calcium-dependent and calmodulin-independent protein kinase (CDPK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase-like (MAPK-like) activities were identified in developing apple fruits.
    • CDPK activity was primarily in the plasma membrane, enhanced by phosphatidylserine in endomembranes. MAPK-like activity was mainly in endomembranes.
    • Both kinase activities were developmentally regulated, with higher levels in early and middle stages, and showed distinct responses to cations (Mn2+ stimulating CDPK) and heat treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • The identified CDPK and MAPK-like protein kinases are likely involved in regulating apple fruit development.
    • Their specific localization and stage-dependent activity highlight their functional significance.
    • Further research into these kinases could reveal novel targets for fruit development control.