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Related Experiment Videos

Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin L.

Paul M Orwin1, J Ross Fitzgerald, Donald Y M Leung

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.

Infection and Immunity
|April 22, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A novel Staphylococcus aureus toxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin-like (SEL) toxin, was identified. This toxin exhibits superantigenic properties and enhances endotoxin shock but lacks emetic activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus is a significant pathogen responsible for numerous diseases.
  • Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are key virulence factors contributing to food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize a newly identified staphylococcal enterotoxin-like (SEL) toxin from a bovine mastitis isolate.
  • To investigate the biological activities and T-cell stimulatory potential of recombinant SEL.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and isolation of a novel toxin from a Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity island.
  • Expression and purification of recombinant SEL.
  • Assessment of biological activities including superantigenicity, pyrogenicity, and lethality in rabbit models.

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  • Evaluation of T-cell receptor stimulation by recombinant SEL.

    • Main Results:

    • The novel toxin, SEL, has a molecular weight of 26,000 and an isoelectric point of 8.5.
    • Recombinant SEL demonstrated superantigenicity, pyrogenicity, enhanced endotoxin shock, and lethality in rabbits.
    • SEL did not exhibit emetic activity.
    • SEL significantly stimulated T cells expressing specific T-cell receptor beta chain variable regions (Vβ 5.1, 5.2, 6.7, 16, and 22).

    Conclusions:

    • The novel staphylococcal enterotoxin-like (SEL) toxin possesses potent superantigenic and toxic properties, distinct from classical SEs due to its lack of emetic activity.
    • SEL represents a significant virulence factor in Staphylococcus aureus, contributing to disease pathogenesis.
    • SEL's ability to stimulate specific T-cell populations warrants further investigation into its role in immune responses and disease.