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Related Experiment Videos

A prototype paediatric venous cannula with shape change in situ.

David Jegger1, Antonio F Corno, Antonio Mucciolo

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. David.Jegger@chuv.hospvd.ch

Perfusion
|April 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

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A novel self-expandable cannula improves blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This innovative design enhances venous drainage, outperforming traditional cannulae in pediatric CPB surgery.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Venous drainage can be compromised during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) due to factors like small vessel size or cannula obstruction.
  • Reduced blood return to the heart-lung machine can negatively impact patient outcomes during CPB.
  • Existing venous cannulae may not adequately address the challenges of maintaining optimal flow in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel self-expandable prototype cannula aimed at improving venous drainage during CPB.
  • To compare the performance of the prototype cannula against traditional single-stage venous cannulae.
  • To assess the flow characteristics of the prototype under various preload conditions.

Main Methods:

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  • An in vitro circuit was established simulating patient venous anatomy using a 7 mm access vessel and a 10 mm latex tube.
  • A self-expandable prototype cannula and three classic single-stage venous cannulae (basket tip, thoracic drain, percutaneous tip) were tested.
  • Maximum flow rates were measured under passive venous drainage (PVD) at central venous pressures (CVP) of 2 mmHg and 4 mmHg.

    • Main Results:

    • The prototype cannula demonstrated superior flow rates compared to all tested traditional cannulae under both 2 mmHg and 4 mmHg preload conditions.
    • At 2 mmHg CVP, the prototype cannula achieved a flow rate of 1.32 L/min, outperforming the best comparator (basket type) by 23% (p < 0.005).
    • At 4 mmHg CVP, the prototype cannula's flow rate was 1.65 L/min, exceeding the basket cannula's performance by 24% (p < 0.001).

    Conclusions:

    • The self-expandable prototype cannula exhibits significantly improved flow characteristics compared to conventional single-stage venous cannulae.
    • This novel design holds promise for enhancing venous return and optimizing performance in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
    • The findings suggest a potential advancement in venous access device technology for critical cardiac procedures.