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Related Experiment Videos

Skin toxicity induced by wet heat.

M Spies1, D N Herndon, B G Sparkes

  • 1Shriners Burns Hospital & University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.

Burns : Journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries
|April 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Heating human skin to high temperatures, especially 135°C, induces significant toxicity in mice. This study reveals heat-induced skin toxicity is a quantitative effect, similar to previous findings with dry heat.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Toxicology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Autoclaved human skin homogenates can induce toxicity.
  • Previous research indicated dry heat induces skin toxicity by polymerizing membrane lipids.
  • The quantitative relationship between heat exposure and skin toxicity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the toxicity of wet heat-treated human skin.
  • To determine the effect of varying temperatures and heating durations on skin-induced toxicity.
  • To compare wet heat toxicity with previously established dry heat toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Human skin samples were heated in an autoclave at temperatures ranging from 80°C to 135°C for 1 or 5 minutes.
  • Heated skin was homogenized and injected intraperitoneally into mice.

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  • Mortality rates were recorded up to 8 days post-injection, with control groups receiving skin heated below 38°C.

    • Main Results:

    • Heating skin to 135°C resulted in 92% mortality, while 110°C caused 63% mortality, and 100°C caused 33% mortality.
    • Temperatures of 80°C and 90°C showed minimal toxicity, averaging less than 3% mortality.
    • Even 1 minute of heating was sufficient to induce a toxic effect, with toxicity increasing proportionally with temperature.

    Conclusions:

    • Wet heat treatment of human skin can induce significant toxicity in mice.
    • The toxicity is dependent on the quantity of heat input, with higher temperatures and longer durations increasing the effect.
    • These findings suggest that scalding and flame burns may have similar toxicological mechanisms, differing primarily in the quantitative heat exposure.