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Invasive pneumococcal diseases in Uruguayan children: comparison between serotype distribution and conjugate vaccine

T Camou1, R Palacio, J L Di Fabio

  • 1National Reference Laboratory, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Vaccine
|April 23, 2003
PubMed

Insights

A Streptococcus pneumoniae surveillance study in Uruguay found that 9- or 11-valent conjugate vaccines could prevent most invasive pneumococcal disease in children under five.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes invasive infections in children.
  • Serotype distribution of pneumococcal isolates varies geographically.
  • Evaluating vaccine efficacy requires understanding local serotype prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the serotype distribution of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Uruguayan children.
  • To evaluate the potential coverage of 7-, 9-, and 11-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs).
  • To determine the most suitable PCV formulation for Uruguay based on disease prevalence.

Main Methods:

  • Surveillance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from invasive infections in children aged <=5 years in Uruguay.
  • Analysis of serotype distribution from 1994 to 2001.
  • Comparison of isolate serotypes with coverage provided by 7-, 9-, and 11-valent PCVs.

Main Results:

  • A total of 506 invasive isolates were analyzed.
  • A 7-valent PCV would cover 49% of invasive isolates.
  • A 9-valent PCV would cover 76%, and an 11-valent PCV would cover 86% of cases.
  • All penicillin-resistant serotypes were included in the evaluated vaccine formulations.

Conclusions:

  • The 9- or 11-valent PCVs offer significantly higher coverage for invasive pneumococcal disease in Uruguayan children compared to the 7-valent vaccine.
  • These formulations also cover penicillin-resistant strains.
  • The 9- or 11-valent vaccines are recommended if affordable for Uruguayan children.

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