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Cognitive strategy training and intellectual performance in the elderly.

G Labouvie-Vief, J N Gonda

    Journal of Gerontology
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cognitive training can improve intellectual performance in older adults by enhancing self-monitoring skills. These improvements in reasoning were maintained for at least two weeks.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Gerontology

    Background:

    • Intellectual performance decline in elderly individuals is often viewed as an experiential deficit.
    • This decline may be reversible through targeted skill-based training.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate if training covert self-monitoring strategies can reverse reduced intellectual performance in the elderly.
    • To assess the transfer and maintenance of training effects on complex reasoning tasks.

    Main Methods:

    • Sixty female elderly participants (ages 63-95) underwent a training phase focused on self-monitoring in reasoning.
    • Performance was evaluated using immediate posttests and delayed posttests (2 weeks later).
    • Training effects were assessed on both the trained task and a separate transfer task.

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    Main Results:

    • Participants showed improved performance on the training tasks.
    • Significant transfer effects were observed on the untrained task.
    • Training and transfer effects were maintained for at least two weeks post-intervention.

    Conclusions:

    • Targeted cognitive training, specifically in self-monitoring strategies, can enhance intellectual performance in older adults.
    • These cognitive gains are not limited to trained tasks and show lasting effects.
    • Findings have implications for theories of adult intelligence and cognitive aging.