Henry Kunkel Festschrift

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2026

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2
11:27

Studying Soft-matter and Biological Systems over a Wide Length-scale from Nanometer and Micrometer Sizes at the Small-angle Neutron Diffractometer KWS-2

Published on: December 8, 2016

    Lupus
    |April 24, 2003
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    PDMS Device Fabrication and Surface Modification14:48

    PDMS Device Fabrication and Surface Modification

    Published on: October 1, 2007

    Microfluidic Applications for Disposable Diagnostics10:21

    Microfluidic Applications for Disposable Diagnostics

    Published on: February 3, 2008

    Related Concept Videos

    The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule03:02

    The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule

    To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the subshell of...
    Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

    Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

    Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...
    Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes01:29

    Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes

    The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
    Characteristics of the diene
    Conformation
    The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is more stable, the...
    Aldol Condensation with β-Diesters: Knoevenagel Condensation01:27

    Aldol Condensation with β-Diesters: Knoevenagel Condensation

    The Knoevenagel condensation is an aldol-type reaction involving the condensation of aldehydes or ketones with active methylene compounds such as β-diesters to produce substituted olefins.
    Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

    Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

    Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
    Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions01:26

    Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions

    Several restrictions limit the use of Friedel–Crafts reactions. First, the halogen in the alkyl halide must be attached to an sp3-hybridized carbon for the Friedel–Crafts reactions to occur. Vinyl or aryl halides do not react since the carbocations formed are unstable under the reaction conditions. Second, Friedel–Crafts alkylation is susceptible to carbocation rearrangement, and the major products obtained have a rearranged carbon skeleton. In contrast, the acylium ion is stabilized by...