Shot range estimation based on pellet distribution in shots with a pump-action shotgun

In the present study, shots from different ranges were fired using a non-choked pump-action shotgun (Hugsan) of calibre 12 with a bore length of 52cm and pellets of various sizes. The aim of the study is range estimation from the distribution of pellets. Using pellets of 2, 3.5, 5 and 8mm size, 5 shots were fired from: 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25ms. The maximum distance between the pellets in vertical and horizontal direction was measured. Statistical evaluation of the data revealed a highly significant correlation for each pellet type; the constant values a and b were calculated to be used in the linear regression equation y=a+bx. As a conclusion, the linear regression equation as well as table data may allow range determination within acceptable ranges of error for the same barrel length and diameter for the same cartridge type. Under identical conditions they may also provide information for pellets of comparable size.