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Hematologic abnormalities in severe neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

J J Hutter, W E Hathaway, E R Wayne

    The Journal of Pediatrics
    |June 11, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Severe neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is linked to low granulocyte counts, indicating a poor prognosis. Thrombocytopenia is also common in NEC infants, sometimes with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal Medicine
    • Hematology
    • Pediatric Surgery

    Background:

    • Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal condition in premature infants.
    • Hematological abnormalities, including low granulocyte and platelet counts, are frequently observed in severe NEC.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prognostic significance of absolute granulocyte and platelet counts in infants with severe NEC.
    • To determine the incidence and clinical implications of thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in this population.

    Main Methods:

    • Serial absolute granulocyte and platelet counts were measured in 40 infants diagnosed with severe NEC.
    • Coagulation studies were performed in thrombocytopenic infants to assess for DIC.

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    Main Results:

    • A significantly lower mean absolute granulocyte count was observed in infants who died from NEC compared to survivors.
    • Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150,000/nm3) was present in 35 of 40 infants.
    • Clinical bleeding occurred in 12 thrombocytopenic infants, and 6 of 14 evaluated infants showed laboratory evidence of DIC.

    Conclusions:

    • Low absolute granulocyte count is associated with a poor prognosis in severe NEC.
    • Thrombocytopenia is a prevalent issue in severe NEC and can be associated with DIC.