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[Near drowning: epidemiology--pathophysiology--therapy]
W Hasibeder1, B Friesenecker, A Mayr
1Klinische Abteilung für Allgemeine und Chirurgische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinik für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin, Universität Innsbruck, Austria. Walter.Hasibeder@uibk.ac.at
Summary
Near-drowning causes lung injury and low oxygen, leading to organ damage. Immediate resuscitation and treatment are vital for survival, as early prognosis is uncertain.
Area of Science:
- Emergency Medicine
- Pulmonology
- Neurology
Context:
- Near-drowning is a common, preventable cause of injury and death.
- Pulmonary failure from fluid aspiration leads to hypoxemia and secondary organ damage.
- Optimal survival depends on prompt emergency interventions.
Purpose:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of near-drowning incidents.
- To provide guidance on emergency decision-making and treatment strategies.
- To highlight the importance of immediate hypoxia interruption.
Summary:
- Near-drowning results in primary pulmonary failure and severe hypoxemia, impacting multiple organs.
- Neurologic prognosis is difficult to ascertain early after the event.
- Aggressive respiratory and cardiovascular support are critical for patient outcomes.
Impact:
- This review offers comprehensive information for healthcare professionals managing near-drowning victims.
- Understanding pathophysiology aids in targeted emergency interventions.
- Emphasizes the critical role of prompt resuscitation in improving survival rates and reducing morbidity.