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Training-induced changes in neural function.

Per Aagaard1

  • 1Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Medical Physiology, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark. p.aagaard@mfi.ku.dk

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews
|April 29, 2003
PubMed
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Nervous system adaptations to training enhance motor neuron function. Studies show increased firing rates and reduced inhibition contribute to greater efferent neuronal outflow for improved performance.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • The nervous system exhibits plasticity in response to physical training.
  • Understanding neural adaptations is crucial for optimizing athletic performance and rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying adaptive changes in the nervous system following training.
  • To identify specific alterations in spinal motor neuron function contributing to enhanced motor output.

Main Methods:

  • Electromyography (EMG) was utilized to assess neural activity.
  • Analysis focused on motor neuron excitability, firing rates, and synaptic inhibition.

Main Results:

  • Training led to increased maximal firing frequency of motor neurons.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enhanced excitability and decreased presynaptic inhibition of spinal motor neurons were observed.
  • Downregulation of inhibitory pathways within the nervous system was identified.

    • Conclusions:

    • Adaptive neural changes, including enhanced motor neuron function and reduced inhibition, facilitate increased efferent neuronal outflow with training.
    • These findings provide insights into the neurophysiological basis of skill acquisition and performance enhancement.