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SAPHO: syndrome or concept? Imaging findings
1Department of Medical Imaging, Holy Spirit Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. J.Earwaker@mailbox.uq.edu.au
Skeletal Radiology
|April 30, 2003
Summary
SAPHO syndrome is a spectrum of musculoskeletal and skin disorders, including palmoplantar pustulosis and acne conglobata. Diagnosis is straightforward with typical bone and joint lesions but challenging with atypical presentations or absent skin disease.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Dermatology
- Orthopedics
Background:
- SAPHO syndrome encompasses musculoskeletal disorders linked to skin conditions like palmoplantar pustulosis and acne conglobata.
- It presents as a spectrum involving skin lesions, synovitis, hyperostosis, and osteitis, characterized by relapsing-remitting courses.
- Key affected sites include the anterior chest wall, spine, long bones, flat bones, and joints, with variations between adult and pediatric forms (CRMO).
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the spectrum of SAPHO syndrome.
- To outline characteristic and atypical presentations.
- To discuss diagnostic considerations based on lesion location and skin involvement.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical features and diagnostic criteria for SAPHO syndrome.
- Analysis of typical and atypical sites of osteoarticular involvement.
- Correlation of diagnosis with the presence or absence of skin disease.
Main Results:
- SAPHO syndrome is characterized by specific osteoarticular lesions and associated skin conditions.
- Typical presentations involve characteristic target sites, aiding diagnosis.
- Atypical presentations or lack of skin disease complicate the diagnostic process.
Conclusions:
- SAPHO syndrome is best understood as a spectrum of related conditions.
- Characteristic osteoarticular findings at specific sites facilitate diagnosis.
- Diagnostic challenges arise in cases with atypical involvement or without associated skin manifestations.