Cancer screening estimates for U.S. metropolitan areas

David E Nelson¹, Julie Bolen, Stephen Marcus

¹Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute/NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. den2@cdc.gov

|May 3, 2003

Summary

Cancer screening rates for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers vary significantly across U.S. metropolitan areas. Targeted interventions are crucial to improve screening, especially for colorectal cancer, in underserved urban populations.

Area of Science:

Public Health
Cancer Epidemiology
Health Services Research

Background:

Cancer screening is vital for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
Metropolitan areas may exhibit disparities in healthcare access and utilization.
Previous research has highlighted geographic variations in health behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the prevalence of breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening in U.S. metropolitan areas.
To identify demographic factors associated with screening disparities within large urban centers.
To assess the variability of screening rates across different metropolitan regions.

Main Methods:

Utilized Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data from 1997-1999.
Analyzed screening data for Papanicolaou (Pap) tests, mammography, fecal occult blood testing, and sigmoidoscopy.
Conducted stratified analyses for 25 large metropolitan areas (population ≥1.5 million).

Main Results:

Mammography and Pap test estimates showed considerable variation across metropolitan areas.
Colorectal cancer screening estimates exhibited substantial variability, with significant differences in fecal occult blood testing and sigmoidoscopy rates.
Screening prevalence was generally lower among individuals with lower educational attainment and those lacking health insurance.

Conclusions:

Significant disparities in cancer screening exist across U.S. metropolitan areas.
Enhanced cancer screening efforts are necessary, particularly for colorectal cancer, in many urban settings.
BRFSS data provides a valuable resource for monitoring and guiding local cancer screening initiatives.

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Cancer screening estimates for U.S. metropolitan areas

Area of Science:

Background:

Purpose of the Study:

Main Methods:

Main Results:

Conclusions:

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