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Related Experiment Videos

Selenium deficiency and viral infection.

Melinda A Beck1, Orville A Levander, Jean Handy

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. melinda_beck@unc.edu

The Journal of Nutrition
|May 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Selenium deficiency and viral infections can interact, increasing disease severity. Studies show selenium-deficient mice infected with viruses like coxsackievirus B3 and influenza A experience enhanced viral virulence and genetic changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Keshan disease, a juvenile cardiomyopathy, suggests a dual etiology involving selenium deficiency and enterovirus infection.
  • This observation prompted research into the interplay between nutrition and viral pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how selenium deficiency influences viral virulence and genetic makeup.
  • To explore the potential role of malnutrition in the emergence of novel viral diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Inoculating selenium-deficient mice and genetically modified mice (lacking glutathione peroxidase) with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3/0) and influenza A.
  • Analyzing viral genome changes and virulence associated with selenium deficiency.

Main Results:

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  • Selenium deficiency converted an amyocarditic CVB3 strain to a virulent form, altering its genome.
  • Similar virulence and genomic changes were observed in knockout mice lacking glutathione peroxidase.
  • A mild influenza A strain showed increased virulence in selenium-deficient mice, with significant genomic alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Selenium status critically impacts viral virulence and genome stability.
  • Malnutrition, particularly selenium deficiency, may contribute to the emergence and increased severity of viral diseases.
  • Further research is essential to understand the broader implications of nutritional status on viral disease emergence.