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Related Experiment Videos

Trace mineral bioavailability in ruminants.

Jerry W Spears1

  • 1Department of Animal Science and Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7621, USA. Jerry_Spears@ncsu.edu

The Journal of Nutrition
|May 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Ruminant mineral absorption, especially for selenium and copper, is hindered by rumen conditions. Organic selenium and avoiding high sulfur/molybdenum diets improve mineral bioavailability in livestock.

Area of Science:

  • Ruminant nutrition
  • Mineral bioavailability
  • Animal science

Background:

  • Ruminants exhibit lower absorption of essential minerals like selenium and copper compared to nonruminants.
  • The rumen environment significantly modifies mineral absorption through various biochemical processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dietary factors influencing the bioavailability of selenium, copper, zinc, and manganese in ruminants.
  • To understand the mechanisms behind reduced mineral absorption in the rumen.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on mineral absorption in ruminants.
  • Analysis of the impact of dietary components such as sulfur, molybdenum, iron, phytate, calcium, and phosphorus.

Main Results:

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  • High dietary sulfur and cyanogenetic glycosides reduce selenium absorption; organic selenium sources (selenomethionine, selenized yeast) enhance it.
  • Molybdenum and high sulfur create thiomolybdates, inhibiting copper absorption; high iron and potentially copper sulfide also reduce copper bioavailability.
  • Phytate does not impact zinc absorption due to microbial phytase activity in the rumen.
  • Manganese absorption is poor, potentially reduced by high dietary calcium and phosphorus.

Conclusions:

  • Rumen environment significantly impacts mineral bioavailability, necessitating careful diet formulation for ruminants.
  • Dietary strategies involving organic selenium and management of sulfur, molybdenum, and iron can optimize mineral status in livestock.