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Related Concept Videos

Travelling Waves01:04

Travelling Waves

A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. Mechanical waves are governed by Newton's laws and require a medium to travel. A medium is a substance in which a mechanical wave propagates, and the medium produces an elastic restoring force when it is deformed.
Water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves. For water waves, the wave propagation medium is water;...
Wave Parameters01:10

Wave Parameters

The simplest mechanical waves are associated with simple harmonic motion and repeat themselves for several cycles. These simple harmonic waves can be modeled using a combination of sine and cosine functions. Consider a simplified surface water wave that moves across the water's surface. Unlike complex ocean waves, in surface water waves, water moves vertically, oscillating up and down, whereas the disturbance of the wave moves horizontally through the medium. If a seagull is floating on the...
Propagation of Waves01:07

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Standing Waves01:17

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Sound Waves: Interference00:53

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Microparticle Manipulation by Standing Surface Acoustic Waves with Dual-frequency Excitations
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Published on: August 21, 2018

Wave initiation through spatiotemporally controllable perturbations.

J Wolff1, A G Papathanasiou, H H Rotermund

  • 1Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary

We investigated how localized heat pulses initiate reaction-diffusion waves on a catalyst surface. Subcritical perturbations cooperatively triggered waves in both excitable and bistable regimes, revealing new insights into catalytic processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Chemical kinetics
  • Reaction-diffusion systems

Background:

  • Catalytic reactions like CO oxidation on Platinum are crucial industrial processes.
  • Understanding pattern formation, such as pulses and fronts, is key to controlling reaction dynamics.
  • Reaction-diffusion systems exhibit complex behaviors like excitability and bistability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the initiation of reaction-diffusion waves (pulses and fronts) on a two-dimensional catalytic surface.
  • To explore the cooperativity of localized temperature perturbations in triggering these waves.
  • To rationalize experimental observations through computational modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a computer-controlled mobile focused laser beam to apply localized temperature 'kicks' in space and time.
  • Studying the CO oxidation reaction on a Pt(110) surface, a model catalytic system.
  • Employing computational modeling to understand the underlying mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that individually subcritical temperature perturbations can cooperatively initiate waves.
  • Observed wave initiation in both the excitable and bistable regimes of the reaction.
  • Rationalized the observed phenomena through modeling, confirming the role of perturbation cooperativity.

Conclusions:

  • Localized thermal perturbations can effectively control the initiation of reaction-diffusion waves.
  • The cooperativity of subcritical perturbations is a significant factor in pattern formation on catalytic surfaces.
  • This study provides a fundamental understanding of wave initiation in catalytic systems, relevant for process optimization.