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A Procedure to Observe Context-induced Renewal of Pavlovian-conditioned Alcohol-seeking Behavior in Rats

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Ethanol and isopropanol effects on schedule-controlled responding.

J D Leander, D E Mcmillan, F W Ellis

Psychopharmacologia

|May 28, 1976

Summary

Ethanol and isopropanol affect pigeon behavior, decreasing responding under fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedules. These alcohols also increased punished responding, demonstrating rate-dependent effects on behavior.

Area of Science:

Behavioral pharmacology
Animal behavior studies
Neuroscience

Background:

Ethanol and isopropanol are common psychoactive substances.
Understanding their effects on behavior is crucial for public health and safety.
Pigeons are widely used models for studying drug effects on operant behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the behavioral effects of ethanol and isopropanol in pigeons.
To compare the dose-dependent effects of these alcohols on different schedules of reinforcement.
To examine the impact of these substances on punished behavior.

Main Methods:

Pigeons were trained under multiple fixed-ratio (FR) and fixed-interval (FI) schedules of food reinforcement.
Ethanol and isopropanol were administered via intubation.

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Dose-response relationships were determined for both substances.

Effects on punished responding under an FI schedule were also assessed.

Main Results:

Ethanol rapidly decreased responding across FR and FI schedules, with some increases at lower doses under FR 100.
Isopropanol generally decreased FR responding while having variable effects on FI responding.
Both alcohols exhibited rate-dependent effects, increasing low rates of responding and decreasing high rates within FI components.
Ethanol and isopropanol increased punished responding that was not severely suppressed.

Conclusions:

Ethanol and isopropanol exert significant, dose-dependent effects on operant behavior in pigeons.
The behavioral effects are schedule-dependent and demonstrate rate-dependency.
These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying alcohol's behavioral effects.