Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

19.4K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
19.4K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

8.9K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
8.9K
Mutations01:39

Mutations

94.2K
Overview
94.2K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

42.6K
Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
42.6K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

18.3K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
18.3K
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

16.5K
A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
16.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dynamic postoperative trajectory of osteosarcopenia predicts the long-term outcomes in colorectal cancer.

Surgery today·2026
Same author

Exploring the Developmental Origins of Limb Proportion Diversity in Birds: An Analysis of Ontogenetic Timing.

Evolution & development·2026
Same author

Artificial intelligence-assisted visualization of the dissection plane during robotic right colectomy using a duodenum-first approach: A video vignette.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·2026
Same author

From Visual Haptics to Force-Controlled Robotic Surgery: Preliminary Clinical Experience Using the da Vinci 5 System in Colorectal Surgery-Case Series Study.

Asian journal of endoscopic surgery·2026
Same author

Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Impact of an ERAS-Based Surgical Care Bundle Implementation for Preventing Anastomotic Leakage in Minimally Invasive Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

World journal of surgery·2026
Same author

Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Meckel's Diverticulum Entrapped behind Transperitoneal Sigmoid Colostomy: A Case Report.

Surgical case reports·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Mitochondria
01:37

Mitochondria

19.4K

tRNA structure goes from L to lambda.

Paul Schimmel1, Koji Tamura

  • 1The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Beckman Center, BCC379, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

Cell
|May 7, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a new L-like structure of transfer RNA (tRNA) called the lambda-form. This unique structure is stabilized by enzyme interactions, compensating for disrupted universal tertiary interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Transfer RNA (tRNA) typically adopts a canonical L-shaped tertiary structure crucial for its function in protein synthesis.
  • Universal tertiary interactions are fundamental to maintaining the stability and integrity of the tRNA L-shape.

Discussion:

  • Ishitani et al. (2003) present crystallographic data revealing a novel lambda-form of tRNA.
  • This lambda-form exhibits a distinct L-like conformation that deviates from the universally accepted tRNA structure.
  • The stability of this alternative conformation is achieved through specific interactions with a modifying enzyme.

Key Insights:

  • The lambda-form demonstrates that tRNA structure can accommodate significant disruptions in standard tertiary interactions.

More Related Videos

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics and Maternal Inheritance
02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics and Maternal Inheritance

8.9K
Point Mutations and Frameshift Mutations
01:39

Point Mutations and Frameshift Mutations

94.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 6, 2026

Mitochondria
01:37

Mitochondria

19.4K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics and Maternal Inheritance
02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics and Maternal Inheritance

8.9K
Point Mutations and Frameshift Mutations
01:39

Point Mutations and Frameshift Mutations

94.2K
  • Enzyme-mediated base modification at the tRNA 'corner' plays a critical role in stabilizing the lambda-form.
  • This finding expands our understanding of tRNA structural diversity and its implications for molecular recognition.

    • Outlook:

    • Further investigation into the functional consequences of the lambda-form tRNA structure.
    • Exploring the role of enzyme-mediated structural stabilization in other nucleic acid systems.
    • Potential implications for drug design targeting tRNA-enzyme interactions.