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The changing face of esophageal malignancy
1Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. tkoch@mail.mcw.edu
Current Gastroenterology Reports
|May 8, 2003
Summary
Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence is rising in the US due to factors like obesity and smoking. Understanding these esophageal cancer risks is key to prevention.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology and Oncology
- Epidemiology of Cancer
Background:
- Rising incidence of esophageal carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma, noted in the United States.
- Absolute risk remains small, but the trend warrants investigation into contributing factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine potential origins and risk factors contributing to the increased incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
- To inform the development of preventive strategies for this malignancy.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and epidemiological data.
- Analysis of associations between lifestyle, genetic, and infectious factors and esophageal adenocarcinoma risk.
Main Results:
- Identified risk factors include obesity, low dietary antioxidants, high dietary fat, family history of breast cancer, smoking, gastroesophageal reflux, and Barrett's esophagus.
- Inverse association found between Helicobacter pylori infection and esophageal adenocarcinoma risk.
Conclusions:
- Several modifiable and non-modifiable factors contribute to the rising rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
- Further understanding of these risk factors is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
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