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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

4.8K
The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

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Hammertoe surgery: waist resection of the proximal phalanx, a more simplified procedure.

Southern medical journal·1975
Same author

An operation for fractures of the patella using the temporary patellar tendon substitution technic.

Southern medical journal·1971
Same author

Chronic carditis in a child of nineteen months.

Archives of disease in childhood·1950
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 11, 2026

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
09:51

The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve

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A dynamic transpatellar approach to the knee.

B E McConnell

    Southern Medical Journal
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel transverse knee approach for complex procedures like total knee replacement and fracture repair. A temporary patellar tendon wire allows for early joint motion by relieving stress on sutures.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • Complex knee surgeries require optimal joint access.
    • Current surgical approaches may limit extensive procedures or early rehabilitation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe a transverse knee approach offering superior joint access.
    • To introduce a temporary patellar tendon substitution wire for enhanced stability and early motion.

    Main Methods:

    • A transverse surgical incision providing wide exposure of the knee joint.
    • Utilizing a temporary patellar tendon substitution wire, a loop extending from the patella to the tibial tubercle.

    Main Results:

    • The transverse approach facilitates extensive synovectomies, debridement, and total knee arthroplasty.

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  • The patellar tendon wire effectively restores anatomical length and provides strength for early joint mobilization.
  • This technique reduces stress on capsular sutures, promoting healing.

    • Conclusions:

    • The described transverse knee approach is highly effective for complex reconstructive and trauma surgeries.
    • The temporary patellar tendon substitution wire is a valuable adjunct, enabling early postoperative motion and improved patient outcomes.