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Training mode does not affect orthostatic tolerance in chronically exercising subjects.

Warren D Franke1, Kimberly K Mills, Kichang Lee

  • 1Department of Health and Human Performance, Iowa State University, 247 Forker Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA. wfranke@iastate.edu

European Journal of Applied Physiology
|May 9, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Swim training does not improve orthostatic tolerance compared to running. Autonomic and hemodynamic responses to lower body negative pressure (LBNP) were similar between trained swimmers and runners, indicating no significant difference in cardiovascular regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Athletes often exhibit enhanced physiological adaptations.
  • Orthostatic tolerance is crucial for cardiovascular health and performance.
  • Differences in training modalities may influence autonomic and hemodynamic responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if trained swimmers possess greater orthostatic tolerance than runners.
  • To determine if autonomic and hemodynamic responses to central hypovolemia differ between swimmers and runners.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty intercollegiate male athletes (11 runners, 9 swimmers) underwent graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to presyncope.
  • Measurements included cardiac and total peripheral conductance, baroreflex sensitivity, and heart rate variability.

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  • Hemodynamic and autonomic responses were analyzed during LBNP to assess orthostatic tolerance.

    • Main Results:

    • Orthostatic tolerance, measured by LBNP index, did not differ significantly between swimmers and runners.
    • Swimmers exhibited larger resting cardiac and total peripheral conductance indices.
    • No significant differences were observed in autonomic responses (baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability) or most hemodynamic responses during LBNP.

    Conclusions:

    • Swim training does not confer superior orthostatic tolerance compared to run training.
    • Training modality does not significantly alter autonomic modulation of cardiovascular responses to LBNP.
    • Cardiovascular and autonomic responses to maximal LBNP are comparable between trained swimmers and runners.