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Related Experiment Videos

Lipopolysaccharide induces preprotachykinin gene expression.

Hsueh-Yin Huang1, Yih-Loong Lai

  • 1Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
|May 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure upregulates tachykinin gene expression, leading to airway hyperreactivity. This suggests tachykinin biosynthesis is key in LPS-induced airway changes, independent of neutral endopeptidase.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a potent immune activator.
  • Tachykinins are neuropeptides involved in airway inflammation and hyperreactivity.
  • Preprotachykinin-I (PPT-I) is a precursor for tachykinins like Substance P (SP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of tachykinin biosynthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced airway alterations.
  • To analyze preprotachykinin-I (PPT-I) gene expression following LPS exposure.
  • To determine the relationship between LPS, tachykinins, and airway hyperreactivity.

Main Methods:

  • Brown-Norway rats were divided into control, LPS, dimethylthiourea (DMTU), and DMTU+LPS groups.
  • Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure PPT-I mRNA levels in nodose ganglia and lungs.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Airway responses, neutral endopeptidase (NEP) gene expression, leukocyte counts, and neuropeptide levels (SP, CGRP) were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • LPS administration significantly increased PPT-I mRNA levels in both nodose ganglia and lungs, sustaining for 5 days.
    • LPS exposure elevated NEP mRNA, SP and CGRP levels, and airway reactivity to capsaicin and SP.
    • Neutrophil counts increased, while macrophage counts decreased following LPS treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • LPS-induced bronchial hyperreactivity is closely linked to the upregulation of tachykinin gene expression.
    • Tachykinin biosynthesis plays a pivotal role in LPS-induced airway alterations.
    • The observed hyperreactivity is not mediated by the upregulation of neutral endopeptidase (NEP).