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What is primed in priming from imagery?

Pascale Michelon1, Jeffrey M Zacks

  • 1Department of Psychology, Washington University, Campus Box 1125, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA. pmichelo@artsci.wustl.edu

Psychological Research
|May 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Mental imagery priming is usually weaker than perceptual priming. However, this study found greater priming from mental imagery than perception in specific tasks, revealing distinct cognitive processes.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Perception and Imagery

Background:

  • Priming effects from mental imagery are generally less robust than those from perception.
  • This difference is often attributed to weaker activation of shared neural processes.
  • However, both imagery and perception involve unique, unshared cognitive components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether unique processes in mental imagery and perception can lead to differential priming effects.
  • To test the hypothesis that priming can be influenced by both shared and unshared cognitive components.
  • To explore the contribution of unshared processes to priming in both imagery and perception.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted manipulating incidental task differences.

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  • Participants studied objects by counting parts from either a mental image or a picture.
  • A word-picture matching task (Experiment 1) and a size judgment task (Experiment 2) were used as test phases.

    • Main Results:

    • In the word-picture matching task, priming was greater for perceived objects than for imagined objects.
    • In the size judgment task, priming was greater for imagined objects than for perceived objects.
    • These results indicate asymmetric priming effects depending on the task demands.

    Conclusions:

    • Mental imagery and visual perception involve substantial distinct cognitive processes.
    • These unshared processes significantly contribute to observed priming effects.
    • The findings challenge the view that priming differences solely stem from activation strength.