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Biodegradable plastics from renewable sources.

M Flieger1, M Kantorová, A Prell

  • 1Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague, Czechia.

Folia Microbiologica
|May 15, 2003
PubMed
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Developing biodegradable plastics offers a solution to plastic waste. This review covers their applications, biodegradability, commercial viability, and production from renewable sources, including chemically synthesized and naturally derived options.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plastic waste poses a significant ecotechnological challenge.
  • Biodegradable plastics are a key area of research for waste management solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of biodegradable plastics.
  • To summarize data on their applications, biodegradability, commercial reliability, and production methods.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing data on biodegradable plastics.
  • Categorization of biodegradable plastics based on production methods: chemical synthesis, microbial fermentation, and modification of natural products.

Main Results:

  • Commercially successful biodegradable plastics include polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, and polyvinyl alcohol (chemically synthesized).

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  • Other biodegradable plastics are derived from microbial polyesters, neutral polysaccharides, or modified natural products like starch, cellulose, chitin, and soy protein.

    • Conclusions:

    • Biodegradable plastics offer diverse production routes, from chemical synthesis to natural product modification.
    • These materials present a viable ecotechnological approach to mitigating plastic waste issues.