Evaluation of a preventive medicine curriculum: incorporating a case-based approach

Evaluating the acquisition of skills in prevention is an increasing priority in prevention education. Assessment instruments were developed to measure student skills before and after an education intervention at State University of New York (SUNY)-Upstate Medical University.

The evaluation method used three testing instruments that measure preventive medicine skills. We selected three surrogate topics, each their own instrument: sexually transmitted disease, lead toxicity, and ischemic heart disease. All three instruments measure four key preventive medicine skills areas: (1) using and interpreting data sources; (2) measuring disease frequency, including incidence and prevalence; (3) making inferences and identifying bias in data presentations; and (4) identifying appropriate study design and screening tests. Second-year medical students were assessed before and after our preventive medicine course in spring 2002, using our evaluative instruments.

Before and after instruction analysis, overall, and by skills area tested revealed a significant increase in student preventive medicine skills (p< or =0.001) in all four categories. On conclusion of the case-based curriculum, students were also asked to rate the cases. The majority (60%) of the students thought the cases were of value to their medical education, and 58% believed that they added to their skills in population prevention.

These instruments can measure change in preventive medicine skills before and after a course in preventive medicine.