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[Malassezia and atopic dermatitis].

Hiroshi Kawaguchi1, Kazuo Akiyama

  • 1Clinical Research Center, National Sagamihara Hospital, Sakuradai 18-1, Sagamihara 228-8522, Japan.

Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi = Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology
|May 16, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Fungus like Malassezia furfur (MF) may worsen atopic dermatitis (AD) by triggering IgE and Th2 cell responses. Further research is needed to clarify this complex relationship and its mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) exacerbation factors are diverse.
  • This study investigates the role of fungal antigens in AD pathogenesis.
  • Focuses on Candida albicans and Malassezia furfur (MF) as potential triggers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the sensitization to fungal antigens in atopic dermatitis patients.
  • To investigate the immunological response to Malassezia furfur (MF) in AD.
  • To determine the correlation between fungal sensitization and AD severity.

Main Methods:

  • Immuno-assays to detect specific IgE against fungal antigens.
  • Skin testing to assess immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to MF.
  • In vitro co-culture of peripheral mononuclear cells with MF antigen to measure IL-5 production.

Main Results:

  • Approximately 50% of AD patients showed IgE sensitization to Candida albicans and/or MF.
  • Higher specific IgE concentrations correlated with severe AD eruptions.
  • A specific delayed-type skin reaction to MF was observed in AD patients, suggesting a Th2-mediated immune response implicated in exacerbating facial eruptions.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with atopic dermatitis may exhibit IgE and Th2 cell responses to Malassezia furfur.
  • The precise mechanisms by which MF exacerbates AD remain unclear.
  • Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the relationship between MF and AD.

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