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The dynamic range of TMJ sounds.

S E Widmalm¹, D Djurdjanovic, D C McKay

¹Department of Biologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, USA. sew@umich.edu

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation

|May 20, 2003

Summary

Sealing the ear canal during temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sound recordings significantly increases sound pressure level (SPL), improving signal quality. This method enhances the recording of TMJ clickings, crucial for clinical diagnosis.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Otolaryngology
Dentistry

Background:

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) sounds, such as clicks, are clinically significant indicators of joint dysfunction.
Accurate measurement of TMJ sound amplitudes is essential for diagnosis and monitoring.
Previous recording methods may be limited by ambient noise and insufficient dynamic range.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of sealing the ear canal on the sound pressure level (SPL) of TMJ sounds.
To test the hypothesis that sealing the meatus improves the recording of TMJ clickings.
To assess the suitability of 24-bit analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion for capturing the dynamic range of TMJ sounds.

Main Methods:

Bilateral recordings of 249 TMJ clickings from three subjects.
Utilized sampling rates of 48 or 96 kHz and 24-bit A/D conversion.
Compared recordings with and without the ear canals sealed using silicone putty.

Main Results:

The peak-to-peak equivalent sound pressure level (peSPL) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) when the ear canal was sealed.
Mean differences in peSPL ranged from 8.3 to 24.9 dB.
The signal-to-noise ratio improved without increasing electronic noise.
The dynamic range of clicking sounds (62 dB) exceeded that of a 16-bit sound card.

Conclusions:

Sealing the ear canal is an effective method for increasing the SPL and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of TMJ sound recordings.
24-bit A/D conversion is necessary to capture the full dynamic range of TMJ sounds, particularly in cases of disc displacement with reduction.
Future research should establish normative peSPL values for clinical application.

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