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Very low-density lipoprotein-apoprotein CI is increased in diabetic nephropathy: comparison with apoprotein CIII

Tsutomu Hirano1, Taro Sakaue, Asako Misaki

  • 1First Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. hirano@med.showa-u.ac.jp

Kidney International
|May 20, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Apolipoprotein CI in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is elevated in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy, suggesting it is a specific marker for diabetic kidney disease and a risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein (apo) CI in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is implicated in hypertriglyceridemia.
  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk increases with diabetic nephropathy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure VLDL apo CI levels in type 2 diabetic patients with varying degrees of nephropathy.
  • To compare these levels with healthy controls and non-diabetic chronic renal failure (CRF) patients.

Main Methods:

  • VLDL was isolated via ultracentrifugation from healthy controls, type 2 diabetics (with varying nephropathy stages), and non-diabetic CRF patients.
  • VLDL apo CI, apo CIII, and apo B concentrations were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Main Results:

  • Diabetic patients with overt proteinuria showed 3-fold higher VLDL apo CI.
  • Hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy had 2.6-fold higher VLDL apo CI.
  • VLDL apo CI correlated with VLDL apo B, independent of VLDL apo CIII.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated VLDL apo CI is specific to diabetic nephropathy, unlike VLDL apo CIII which is common in CRF.
  • Increased VLDL apo CI is linked to higher VLDL particle numbers, a novel CHD risk factor.
Abstract

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