Solubility of drugs in aqueous solutions. Part 1. Ideal mixed solvent approximation

The present paper deals with the application of the fluctuation theory of solutions to the solubility of poorly soluble drugs in aqueous mixed solvents. The fluctuation theory of ternary solutions is first used to derive an expression for the activity coefficient of a solute at infinite dilution in an ideal mixed solvent and, further, to obtain an equation for the solubility of a poorly soluble solid in an ideal mixed solvent. Finally, this equation is adapted to the solubility of poorly soluble drugs in aqueous mixed solvents by treating the molar volume of the mixed solvent as nonideal and including one adjustable parameter in its expression. The obtained expression was applied to 32 experimental data sets and the results were compared with the three parameter equations available in the literature.