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Pregnancy with hyperthyroidism.

Raffia Shahid1

  • 1Department of Obstertics and Gynaecology, Federal Govermment Services Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|May 22, 2003
PubMed
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Medical treatment with antithyroid drugs and beta-blockers effectively manages hyperthyroidism in pregnant women, leading to improved obstetrical outcomes and avoidance of complications. This approach helps achieve a euthyroid state for both mother and fetus.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy poses risks to both mother and fetus.
  • Accurate diagnosis and management are crucial for optimal outcomes.
  • Differentiating gestational hyperthyroidism from normal pregnancy symptoms is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To diagnose and biochemically confirm hyperthyroidism in pregnant women.
  • To manage pregnant women with hyperthyroidism medically to achieve a euthyroid state.
  • To monitor fetal well-being and improve obstetrical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive comparative study involving 30 pregnant women with hyperthyroidism.
  • Patients were divided into newly diagnosed (Group I) and pre-treated (Group II) groups.

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  • Medical treatment included carbimazole, beta-blockers; fetal monitoring via ultrasonography and cardiotocography.

    • Main Results:

    • Toxic nodular goiter was the most common type of hyperthyroidism (70%).
    • Previous obstetrical complications included abortion (85.7%) and premature labor (7%).
    • Carbimazole was the preferred drug; dose reduction was possible in most patients upon achieving euthyroid state.

    Conclusions:

    • Achieving a euthyroid state in mothers with hyperthyroidism is feasible with antithyroid drugs and beta-blockers.
    • Medical management can significantly improve obstetrical outcomes.
    • Obstetrical complications, affecting over 93% of such patients, can be avoided through timely treatment.