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Bone mineral changes: the second manned Skylab mission.

J M Vogel, M W Whittle

    Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine
    |April 1, 1976
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    Spaceflight caused bone mineral loss in the heel (os calcis) for the SL-3 crew. Radius and ulna bone density remained stable, with calcaneal mineral levels returning to normal post-mission.

    Area of Science:

    • Space medicine
    • Bone physiology
    • Mineral metabolism

    Background:

    • Spaceflight poses risks to bone health, particularly in weight-bearing bones.
    • Understanding mineral changes is crucial for astronaut health and long-duration missions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the impact of spaceflight on bone mineral content.
    • To compare mineral changes in different skeletal sites (heel, radius, ulna).

    Main Methods:

    • Monoenergetic photon absorptiometry (MPA) was used for precise bone mineral measurement.
    • Measurements were taken pre-flight and post-flight on Spaceflight Training Program (SPT) crew members.
    • Specific sites analyzed included the central os calcis, distal radius, and ulna.

    Main Results:

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    • No significant changes in bone mineral content were detected in the radius and ulna.
    • A notable loss of calcaneal mineral content was observed in the SPT group.
    • Calcaneal mineral levels gradually recovered to pre-flight values by the 87th post-flight day.

    Conclusions:

    • The os calcis (heel bone) is susceptible to mineral loss during spaceflight.
    • The radius and ulna appear more resistant to these specific spaceflight-induced changes.
    • Recovery of bone mineral density in the heel is possible post-flight.