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Acute pancreatitis in childhood
G Alvarez Calatayud1, F Bermejo, J L Morales
1Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology. San Rafael Hospital. Madrid. Spain.
Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas
|May 23, 2003
Summary
Acute pancreatitis in children has diverse causes, including infection and gallstones, with many cases being idiopathic. Clinical presentation and prognosis vary widely, emphasizing the need for consideration in pediatric abdominal pain.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
- Hepatology
- Pancreatology
Background:
- Acute pancreatitis in children presents diagnostic challenges due to varied etiologies.
- Prompt identification is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the etiological agents of acute pancreatitis in children.
- To analyze clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings.
- To describe the clinical course and outcomes of pediatric acute pancreatitis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric acute pancreatitis cases over 15 years.
- Inclusion criteria: abdominal pain, elevated amylase, or ultrasound abnormalities.
- Data collected on etiology, symptoms, imaging, and treatment.
Main Results:
- Thirty-one children (mean age 7.9 years) were analyzed.
- Infections (19%) and gallstones (16%) were leading causes; 35.5% were idiopathic.
- Abdominal pain (90%) and elevated amylase were common; 64% had abnormal ultrasounds.
- Relapse occurred in 19%; 22% required surgery.
Conclusions:
- Acute pancreatitis must be considered in children presenting with abdominal pain.
- Etiological factors are diverse, with a significant proportion of idiopathic cases.
- The heterogeneous clinical course necessitates individualized management and prognosis assessment.