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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows...
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
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DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility...
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Povidone Iodine Rectal Preparation at Time of Prostate Needle Biopsy is a Simple and Reproducible Means to Reduce Risk of Procedural Infection
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Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.

Robin C Spiller1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom. robin.spiller@noittingham.ac.uk

Gastroenterology
|May 23, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastroenteritis can trigger irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), particularly with toxic organisms or prolonged illness. Postinfective IBS involves gut inflammation and serotonin changes, often persisting long-term.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Neurogastroenterology

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects a subgroup of patients following gastroenteritis.
  • Gastroenteritis is a potent risk factor for IBS, with specific factors increasing risk significantly.
  • Psychological factors and adverse life events also contribute to postinfective IBS (PI-IBS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk factors and characteristics of postinfective IBS (PI-IBS).
  • To explore the potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PI-IBS.
  • To discuss diagnostic considerations and potential treatments for PI-IBS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of population-based surveys and risk factors for IBS.
  • Review of histological findings in PI-IBS patients, including T lymphocytes and enteroendocrine cells.
  • Examination of animal models and preliminary human data on serotonin release in PI-IBS.

Main Results:

  • Gastroenteritis is the most potent risk factor for IBS; toxigenic organisms and prolonged illness increase risk substantially.
  • PI-IBS is associated with increased mucosal T lymphocytes and serotonin-containing cells, suggesting excessive serotonin release.
  • PI-IBS symptoms and histological changes can be long-lasting, with only 40% recovery over 6 years.

Conclusions:

  • Postinfective IBS is a distinct entity triggered by gastroenteritis, with specific risk factors and potential long-term consequences.
  • Pathophysiology likely involves gut inflammation and altered serotonin signaling.
  • Differential diagnosis is crucial, and while some treatments may offer symptomatic relief, further research into targeted therapies like serotonin antagonists is needed.