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Crohn's disease: a psychosomatic illness?

B F Sheffield, M W Carney

    The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Crohn's disease patients exhibit higher levels of anxiety, neuroticism, and introversion compared to general populations and those with non-psychosomatic conditions. This study highlights a significant psychological dimension in Crohn's disease management.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Psychiatry
    • Clinical Psychology

    Background:

    • Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition.
    • An increased referral rate of Crohn's disease patients to psychiatric services suggests a potential link between the disease and psychological morbidity.
    • Previous case histories indicated an association between psychiatric and physical symptoms in Crohn's disease patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the psychological status of patients diagnosed with Crohn's disease.
    • To compare the psychological profiles of Crohn's disease patients with other patient groups and general population norms.

    Main Methods:

    • Administered the Eysenck Personality Inventory and the Manifest Anxiety Scale to 28 Crohn's disease out-patients.
    • Compared results with 17 patients with chronic non-psychosomatic medical diseases, 43 with psychosomatic diseases, and 100 with neurosis.
    • Analyzed referral rates to psychiatric out-patient departments over six years.

    Main Results:

    • Crohn's disease patients showed significantly higher scores for anxiety, neuroticism, and introversion compared to test norms.
    • These patients also exhibited significantly higher anxiety, neuroticism, and introversion than patients with non-psychosomatic medical diseases.
    • No significant differences in these psychological traits were observed between Crohn's disease patients and those with psychosomatic diseases.

    Conclusions:

    • There is a notable association between Crohn's disease and psychological distress, specifically increased anxiety, neuroticism, and introversion.
    • The psychological profile of Crohn's disease patients closely resembles that of patients with other psychosomatic conditions.
    • These findings underscore the importance of addressing psychological well-being in the comprehensive management of Crohn's disease.

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