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Related Experiment Videos

'Filtering' and the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia.

D R Hemsley, S L Zawada

    The British Journal of Psychiatry : the Journal of Mental Science
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Schizophrenia and depression may share similar selective attention deficits, challenging the idea that filtering inefficiency is specific to schizophrenia. Alternative cognitive models may better explain schizophrenic abnormalities.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Selective attention is crucial for information processing.
    • Broadbent's theory posits 'filtering' as a key attentional mechanism.
    • Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are complex and not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate selective attention dysfunction in schizophrenia using Broadbent's information processing framework.
    • To determine if 'filtering' inefficiency is specific to schizophrenia.
    • To compare attentional performance between schizophrenics, depressives, and normal individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • A short-term memory task was employed to assess selective attention.
    • Performance was measured under conditions of pre-instruction and post-instruction.
    • Three groups (schizophrenics, depressives, normals) were matched for age and intelligence.

    Main Results:

    • Normal subjects outperformed both psychiatric groups in overall performance.
    • Normal subjects showed significantly greater improvement with pre-instruction compared to psychiatric groups.
    • Schizophrenics and depressives exhibited similar performance and did not differ significantly in improvement from pre-instruction.

    Conclusions:

    • 'Filtering' difficulties, as defined by the study, may not be exclusive to schizophrenia.
    • Cognitive abnormalities in schizophrenia might be better explained by other factors like information processing speed or response selection.
    • The findings suggest a need for broader conceptualizations of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

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