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[An observation on long-term influence of middle ear bacterial infection on inner ear function and systemic immune
Objective:
To understand whether long-term inner ear heat shock response related to heat shock protein(HSP70) caused by middle ear bacterial infection and the potential influence on inner ear function.
Methods:
Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly classified into 6 groups including Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus pyocyaneus, Bacillus coli, Bacillus proteus and physiological saline control groups. On 135 days after injection, distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) was tested and all the samples were collected, which were examined with light and electronic microscopes. HSP70 related molecule expression in inner ear, nuclear factor (NF) kappa Bp65 characterization in mononuclear cell, anti-KP antibody and anti-membranous labyrinth proteins (MLP) were examined.
Results:
No nuclear transfer of NF kappa Bp65 was observed in any animal. Anti-KP antibody was detected in 30% (3/10) of Staphylococcus aureus group, 29% (2/7) of KP group, 33% (3/9) of Bacillus pyocyaneus group and 10% (1/10) of control group. Anti-MLP antibody was created in 20% (2/10) of Staphylococcus aureus group, 20% (2/10) of KP group, one each in Bacillus pyocyaneus group and control group respectively. Double positive antibody against KP and MLP were found in Staphylococcus aureus group and KP group. When analyzed with Western blot, all the positive bands were small molecules including strongest 26,000-30,000, medium degree 38,000-41,000 and weak 46,000-50,000 except for 68,000 in one case. There was only one significant DPOAE amplification decrease at 1,625 Hz (2f1-f2) in left ear of Bacillus pyocyaneus group and right ear of Bacillus proteus group. No abnormal phenomenon was found in inner ear both under light microscope and electronic microscope. No significant expression of HSP70 was observed in inner ears.
Conclusion:
No long-term heat shock response related to HSP70 existed in the inner ear and the immune inner ear damage may be caused by multiplefactors.
Insights
This study found no long-term heat shock response related to heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the inner ear after bacterial infection. Inner ear immune damage is likely caused by multiple factors, not HSP70.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Bacterial middle ear infections can potentially impact inner ear function.
- Heat shock proteins, such as HSP70, are involved in cellular stress responses.
- The long-term effects of bacterial infections on inner ear heat shock response remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence of a long-term heat shock response related to HSP70 in the inner ear following bacterial middle ear infections.
- To assess the potential influence of this response on inner ear function.
Main Methods:
- BALB/c mice were infected with various bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, etc.) or saline.
- Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were measured after 135 days.
- Inner ear tissues were examined using light and electron microscopy.
- Expression of HSP70, NF-kappa Bp65, anti-KP antibodies, and anti-MLP antibodies were analyzed.
Main Results:
- No significant HSP70 expression or NF-kappa Bp65 nuclear transfer was observed in the inner ear.
- Antibodies against Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and membranous labyrinth proteins (MLP) were detected in some infected groups.
- Minimal changes in DPOAE were noted in specific bacterial groups, with no abnormal microscopic findings in the inner ear.
Conclusions:
- Long-term heat shock response related to HSP70 does not appear to occur in the inner ear after these bacterial infections.
- Immune-mediated damage to the inner ear may result from various factors rather than a singular HSP70-related response.