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Updated: Sep 25, 2026
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Published on: November 11, 2022
Anticipatory activation of postural muscles associated with bilateral arm flexion in subjects with different quiet
Katsuo Fujiwara1, Hiroshi Toyama, Kenji Kunita
1Department of Human Movement and Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan. fujikatu@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
Abstract:
We investigated changes in activation timing and magnitude of the postural muscles according to initial standing positions. The subjects were divided into three groups depending on the position of the center of foot pressure (CFP) during quiet standing, namely backward, middle, and forward. Subjects maintained standing postures at various CFP positions in the anteroposterior direction, and then started bilateral arm movement at their own pace. The activation magnitude of the biceps femoris (BF) and erector spinae (ES) did not differ among any of the initial CFP positions. In only the BF, the preceding action to the anterior deltoid (AD) was clearly observed at more forward CFP positions in the order of the forward, middle and backward groups. Between initial CFP positions adjacent to quiet standing posture, the smallest change was observed in the preceding activation time of the BF. Significant correlation was observed between the background activity and activation time in both the BF and ES.
