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Sanitation in the developing world: current status and future solutions.

S Cairncross1

  • 1London School of hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. sandy.cairncross@lshtm.ac.uk

International Journal of Environmental Health Research
|May 31, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Promoting sanitation requires a market-based approach, treating latrines as consumer goods. Effective strategies involve understanding consumer needs and leveraging private sector expertise for wider access to adequate excreta disposal.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Environmental Engineering
  • Development Studies

Background:

  • Over 2.4 billion people globally lack adequate excreta disposal, predominantly in Asia.
  • Urban sanitation in Asia relies heavily on on-site systems, often privately installed.
  • Existing sanitation provision models are insufficient to meet the vast demand.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advocate for a marketing-driven approach to sanitation provision.
  • To highlight the need for market research in developing appropriate sanitation products.
  • To propose strategies for effective subsidy utilization and private sector engagement.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of global and regional sanitation access data.
  • Examination of current on-site sanitation system implementation and user involvement.

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  • Review of subsidy mechanisms and their impact on sanitation coverage.

    • Main Results:

    • Sanitation challenges require a shift from direct provision to market promotion.
    • Lack of appropriate, affordable products and market stimulation hinders sanitation coverage.
    • Subsidies are often captured by non-poor populations, necessitating targeted promotion support.

    Conclusions:

    • A consumer-durable marketing approach is essential for increasing sanitation coverage.
    • Market research and private sector engagement are crucial for developing and distributing suitable latrine options.
    • Subsidies should focus on promotion rather than production to ensure equitable access to sanitation.