Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 16, 2026

Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication
Published on: December 2, 2011
Effect of the losses in the vocal tract on determination of the area function
M Bilginer Gülmezoğlu1, Atalay Barkana
1Osmangazi University, Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Eskişehir, Turkey.
Abstract:
In this work, the cross-sectional areas of the vocal tract are determined for the lossy and lossless cases by using the pole-zero models obtained from the electrical equivalent circuit model of the vocal tract and the system identification method. The cross-sectional areas are used to compare the lossy and lossless cases. In the lossy case, the internal losses due to wall vibration, heat conduction, air friction and viscosity are considered, that is, the complex poles and zeros obtained from the models are used directly. Whereas, in the lossless case, only the imaginary parts of these poles and zeros are used. The vocal tract shapes obtained for the lossy case are close to the actual ones.
Related Concept Videos
Network Function of a Circuit
Larynx
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Lossy Lines and Overvoltages
Attenuation
When constant series resistance and shunt conductance are present, voltage and current equations are modified. The propagation constant indicates that voltage and current waves consist of both forward and backward traveling components. These waves attenuate as they propagate, with the attenuation factor related to the resistance and conductance. In a...
Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change
Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method
Area Problem

