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Jets.

Peter B. Rhines1

  • 1School of Oceanography, WB-10, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Planetary atmospheres and oceans form concentrated jets through geophysical fluid dynamics. These jets are driven by various factors like external stress, fluid instabilities, and the planet's rotation, leading to organized large-scale circulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
  • Planetary Atmospheres and Oceans
  • Large-Scale Circulation Dynamics

Background:

  • Concentrated large-scale flows are fundamental to planetary fluid dynamics.
  • Understanding jet formation is key to comprehending atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss concentrated large-scale flows in planetary atmospheres and oceans from a geophysical fluid dynamics perspective.
  • To explore the various mechanisms driving jet formation on rotating spheres.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of elementary examples of jet formation.
  • Application of basic geophysical fluid dynamics principles.
  • Discussion of concepts like the beta effect, baroclinic life cycle, and potential vorticity stirring.

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Main Results:

  • Jet formation occurs through diverse mechanisms including external stress, singular lines, momentum sources, fluid instabilities, topographic obstacles, and frontogenesis.
  • The baroclinic life cycle and potential vorticity stirring are crucial for jet formation in stratified fluids.
  • Homogenization of potential vorticity, observed in oceans and atmosphere, enhances jet formation.

Conclusions:

  • Geophysical fluid dynamics provides a framework for understanding complex jet formations in planetary systems.
  • Multiple interacting factors contribute to the organization of fluid flows into jets.
  • Potential vorticity homogenization is a significant process that reinforces jet structures in geophysical flows.