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Evolution: have wings come, gone and come again?

Graham Stone1, Vernon French

  • 1ICAPB, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratory, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.

Current Biology : CB
|June 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Complex traits, like wings, may reappear in evolution even after being lost. A phylogenetic study suggests wings re-evolved multiple times in ancestrally wingless stick insects.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Phylogenetics
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Complex traits can be lost during evolution.
  • Re-evolution of lost traits (atavism) is a debated topic.
  • Stick insects (Phasmatodea) are ancestrally wingless.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for re-evolution of complex traits.
  • To determine if wings have reappeared in stick insect lineages.
  • To reconstruct the evolutionary history of wing development in Phasmatodea.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of stick insect species.
  • Comparative analysis of morphological data.
  • Molecular data integration for evolutionary reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • Phylogenetic evidence suggests multiple independent gains of wings.
  • Wings appear to have evolved de novo in several stick insect lineages.
  • Ancestral state reconstruction indicates wing loss followed by re-evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Complex traits, such as wings, can be re-evolved after loss.
  • The evolutionary potential for trait re-emergence is significant.
  • This study provides compelling evidence for convergent evolution of wings in stick insects.

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