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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

Telomeres and Telomerase

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

Telomeres and Telomerase

Telomeres and Telomerase

In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded DNA.

Replication in Eukaryotes

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans

Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: August 4, 2016

Telomere replication: an Est fest.

Vicki Lundblad¹

¹Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. lundblad@bcm.tmc.edu

Current Biology : CB

|June 5, 2003

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The Est1 protein, a key component of telomerase, plays a crucial role in maintaining telomere length homeostasis across many species, including humans. This discovery highlights Est1

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Observation and Quantification of Telomere and Repetitive Sequences Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) with PNA Probes in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay

Optimization of Performance Parameters of the TAGGG Telomere Length Assay

Published on: April 21, 2023

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Cell Biology

Background:

Telomeres are protective caps at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division.
Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase enzyme responsible for maintaining telomere length.
Telomere length is critical for cellular aging and preventing genomic instability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of Est1 protein in telomere length maintenance.
To identify orthologs of the Est1 protein in various species.
To understand the regulatory mechanism of telomerase activity.

Main Methods:

Comparative genomics to identify Est1 orthologs.
Biochemical assays to study telomerase activity.
Genetic manipulation in model organisms.

Main Results:

Orthologs of the budding yeast Est1 protein were identified in multiple species, including humans.
Est1 protein was found to positively regulate telomerase activity.
This regulation mechanism is conserved across diverse species.

Conclusions:

Est1 is a widely conserved protein involved in telomere maintenance.
Positive regulation of telomerase by Est1 is a common mechanism for telomere length homeostasis.
Understanding Est1's function provides insights into cellular aging and cancer biology.