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Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in Spanish mothers
Lluïsa Garcia-Esteve1, Carlos Ascaso, Julia Ojuel
1Unit for Psychiatry and Psychology of Women, Hospital Casa de Maternitat, Institut Clínic de Psiquiatria i Psicologia, Sabino de Arana 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. lesteve@clinic.ub.es
Background:
The EPDS is a 10-items self-report scale designed as a specific instrument to detect postnatal depression. It was validated in the UK and in other countries, but not in Spain.
Method:
We report data from all women (n=1201) attending in a routine postnatal check-up at 6 weeks postpartum during 1 year. A two-stage method was used: for the first stage, all individuals selected completed the EPDS; in the second one, 'probable cases' (n=261) with EPDS score >/=9, and a randomised sample of 10% with EPDS score less than 9 (n=126) were interviewed by a psychiatrist using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, non-patient (SCID-NP), to establish psychiatric diagnosis of major and minor depression.
Results:
The best cut-off of the Spanish validation of the EPDS was 10/11 for combined major and minor depression, the sensitivity was 79%, and specificity was 95.5%, with a positive predictive value of 63.2% and a negative predictive value of 97.7%. At this cut-off all cases of major depression were detected. The area under the ROC curve was 0.976 (P<0.0001) with an asymptotic interval of confidence of 95% between 0.968 and 0.984.
Conclusions:
Our data confirm the validity of the EPDS to identify postnatal depression in its Spanish version. The cut-off 10/11 for major and minor combined depression is useful to screen for a posterior psychiatric evaluation in Spanish sample.