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Related Experiment Videos

Sitting with adjustable ischial and back supports: biomechanical changes.

Mohsen Makhsous1, Fang Lin, Ronald W Hendrix

  • 1Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. m-makhsous2@northwestern.edu

Spine
|June 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary

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Adjusting seat support reduces ischial pressure and improves posture, potentially alleviating low back pain. This study investigated the biomechanical effects of adjustable seating for enhanced comfort and reduced pain.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Ergonomics
  • Spinal Health

Background:

  • Prolonged sitting can lead to pelvic posterior rotation, reduced lumbar lordosis, and increased spinal load, contributing to low back pain.
  • High pressure on the ischium and coccyx during sitting is a common complaint.
  • A supportive seating design may mitigate these negative effects and improve comfort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biomechanical effects of adjusting ischial and backrest supports during sitting.
  • To evaluate how adjustable seating features influence spinal posture and pressure distribution.
  • To determine the potential of optimized seating in reducing discomfort and low back pain.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated biomechanical effects using kinematic, kinetic, electromyographic, and radiographic measurements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed fifteen office workers under various seating conditions with adjustable ischial and backrest supports.
  • Measured contact forces, pressure distribution, lumbar lordosis, sacral inclination, and muscle activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Relieving ischial support shifted pressure distribution forward, reducing peak pressure under the ischia.
    • Adjustable backrest support significantly increased sacral inclination and lumbar lordosis, resembling standing posture.
    • Contact area on the seat pan decreased, while backrest contact area increased.

    Conclusions:

    • Reduced ischial support and a fitted backrest alter seating biomechanics favorably.
    • This seating configuration can maintain lumbar lordosis and increase intervertebral disc height.
    • The findings suggest a potential for reducing low back pain through optimized seating design.